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Disclaimer: The content of this document is provided for guidance only, and while every effort has been made by the author to ensure the accuracy of the information and translations contained, no liability can be accepted for any errors omissions and inaccuracies, or for the opinions expressed herein.
All properties fall into one of two categories of planning zone:
The rural land law governs the building rules of rural sites. (LEY
10/2004, de 9 de diciembre, de la Generalitat, del Suelo No Urbanizable.)
Some rural land is protected, all plots fall under one of the two following
criteria:
The development rights and restrictions of a rural plot in a común:
For example: with a 12,000m2 plot you can build a villa with 240m2 in the ground floor and 240m2 in the first floor.
Special Restrictions:
All rustic plots have aesthetic restrictions with each planning zone having different regulations. Normally you have to build a typical regional-style building. For example you would not be given permission to build an Ibicenco (Ibiza-style) house in Valencia.
These are urbanised, serviced plots with access roads, water, electricity. Each planning zone has its own rules although normally the plot size limitation is between 800m2 and 1,500m2, with the "brut habitable" space being about 20% of the plot.
In each town hall you can ask for a certificado urbanistico of the plot you want to buy. This is a document signed by the agency of urban planning which confirms the type of plot, the occupation purpose, building space and type of building. When purchasing a property, this is the document that informs you of all the development possibilities of the property.
A licencia (building permit) must be obtained before the construction of any building can begin, regardless of whether the structure is to be used as a dwelling, or whether or not it has foundations. This same permit is compulsory for any work carried out on an existing building where this work would; change the usage, exterior appearance, modify the volume, or where extra storeys would be created. (Note: you need a building permit for a prefabricated wooden house.)
There are two types of building permits:
To obtain a building permit for minor works, you need simply request a licencia de obra menor at your Town Hall. Normally this should include a small description of the work to be undertaken and an estimation of the costs. This so that taxes can be calculated. The tax is paid at the end of the job and is normally calculated at around 4 to 6% of the construction cost.
To obtain a building permit for major works you will need:
All three of these professionals have to sign the application.
The application is submitted either in person or by registered letter to the local alcalde, where a receipt (recibo) will be issued; the application is usually processed within two months of receiving the registered letter.
A letter of notification will be sent following the submission with the application number. After an examination confirming that the correct information has been presented, details of the request will be posted in the Town Hall. The application will be verified for compliance with the building rules. A tacit approval may be assumed two months from the date of submission and the permiso de construir (building permit) will normally be delivered within that time.
The building act LOE of 5th November 1999 (Ley de Ordenación de la
Edificacion), considers all parties involved in the construction of the
building to carry some responsibility.
Without prejudice to their contractual responsibilities, the individuals or
legal entities who assist in the building process are liable to the owners and
third party buyers of the building or any parts thereof, should the building be
divided.
The following property damages affecting the building within a specified time, starting on the date of the commencement of the works without reservation or starting on the date of the correction of such reservations:
Responsibility is assigned for faults in the building in the time frames specified as follows.
Each agent is individually liable for their own acts or omission and for those of the persons for whom they are legally responsible according to law.
Notwithstanding this, when the liability for the damages cannot be assigned to an individual or group, those involved will be held jointly responsible. In any event, the developer will be jointly liable with all other agents involved to the buyers for the property damages to the building caused by construction errors or defects.
The builder is directly liable for damages caused to the building due to faults or defects derived from lack of skill, lack of professional or technical qualification, negligence or non-compliance with the obligations of the Construction Manager and the other individuals or legal entities reporting to them.
When a builder subcontracts to other individuals or legal entities for the performance of certain tasks or services, they will be directly liable for the damages, due to faults or defects in the execution of such works, without prejudice to the recourse he might have against subcontractors
The following property damage or surety policies are required as guarantees:
Note: In the case of autopromoción, the developer and the buyer figure as the same person, no property damage insurance policy is required for a period of ten years.
Page prepared by Benjamin Ritter von Linprun Architect COACV
Inscrito en el Colegio de Arquitectos de la Comunidad Valenciana COACV con el
nº 7410
(Diploma of the University Stuttgart, Faculty of Architecture and Urban
Planning)
Calle Marqués de Campos 11 1ª planta 03700 Denia España
Tel/Fax: 966 426 090 / e-mail
Copyright © 2005 Benjamin Ritter von Linprun Architect All Rights Reserved
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